PARTIES IN THE ISLAND—CAZNEAU'S NEGOTIATIONS.

Correspondence of the N. Y. Tribune.

Santiago, (Island of Hayti,) Sept. 14, 1854.

The Island of Hayti is divided nominally between two independent powers, the Dominican Republic at the east, which is under white preponderance, and the west, which is exclusively under the black. There is, however, a third district that differs in its moral elements almost from either. The rich district of the gold-teeming Cibao, and the fertile plain of the Vega is considered a part of the Dominican Republic, but its population are a distinct race and sympathize not entirely in accordance with those of the capital and extreme east of the Republic.

The Cibao district is not of Indian, as Eastern Hayti is white with a dash of African, and more than any other part of the island it cherishes an uncompromising hatred of the Haytians. In every quarter the inhabitants have stories of Haytian acts of cruelty to tell their children, and every family has its own tale of horrors about the Haytian invasions. They look upon even a peaceful presence and free intercourse with Hayti, lest it might lead, as it did once before, to a union of the whole island under a colored government. They openly declare themselves in favor of annexation to the United States, and have never ceased to demand white immigration. This district once memorialized the United States Government on the subject of receiving it into the Union, or making it a separate and neutral State, with ports entirely and forever open to our commerce, on condition of being protected from the all-destroying inroads of the Haytians. This memorial was buried, like Sir John Moore, in silence and darkness, without a word from the American press, but it awakened France and England to insist upon a peace between the belligerent parties.

Eastern Hayti has a large colored population, and the fusion of the races, with the final supremacy of the blacks, is fast approaching there; Santana, the Liberator, Generals Alfau and Contreras, are Dominican whites, and their death or another dash of their stamp could be out of the way; but Central Hayti would never consent.

The British Consul has more than once advised the Dominicans to strike the white cross and raise the Haytian tri-color, but President Santana was enraged at the counsel, and the Cibao said if it was attempted they would form a new State and call on the Americans to come with letters of marque and conquer Hayti on their own account.

You can understand, therefore, that the Island of Hayti is divided in two governments and three parties, and that each party textually demands its share of the territory, but the Haytians have two-thirds of the entire population—or 650,000 out of 800,000 inhabitants.

Eastern Hayti is so much under European influence that it can never be annexable under European policy, which is declared here without reserve, of uniting with Hayti, but for the central district, whose standard of political independence is high.

The geographical position of these districts is much against their independence, for they are between the two Haytis of Hayti on one side and European Hayti on the other, and it is only by a union with the United States would be reliable protection to the island, for the protection of an American State would unite its sections in a common sentiment, and settle it firmly in its place among the republic of nations. America ought to wish to see this island or any part of it annexed to the United States. It would be an immense field for our enterprising citizens, who would then have the monopoly of her trade, and entirely clothe this people with our manufactures.

A Commissioner from the United States is at St. Domingo City at this moment, negotiating a Treaty which will give our citizens the right to buy land and work mines, and all the rights and privileges of American citizens. This is the same as giving a new State to American enterprise, and we must hope that Gen. Cazneau will succeed in spite of all opposition from abroad; but Hayti is of all classes and colors, and in particular it opens a fine field for American enterprise, being of mixed blood. The laws and the constitution make no distinctions of colors, and the customs of society prefer the white race all to whom the white blood visibly preponderates.

If southern American protection would pass, for I have not met any one whose education and position would place him in the highest society if he were white, who would think of southern Americans keeping down the blacks here quite as positively as they are in the South.

Let the friends of the colored race try out the problem of its capacities on this friendly soil and under a favorable climate. There is nothing here, not even the prejudices of society to hinder their efforts. Land is cheap, fertile, the laws liberal, society kind, and the country very near to you. Send school books and teachers, and encourage the honest and industrious of the colored race of the Union to come here and show the world what they are worth. There will be order and safety so long as American results will be tangible facts, and we want some real solid facts to thicken all the froth of philanthropy with which the United States are simmering.

AMERICUS.