US/DR Newspaper Timeline
PassagePasaje
higher repute than formerly Eund since thie nrriat ofihe Argus brig at St. Georges,(whith- St. Domingo early in Februany.I brars to be" Done at the National Palace of St Do and the question bring put on the resolutjon, The Senate resumed,in…
400 boxes "J. Hare's" Sweet Cavendish TOBACCO 185 do "Keen & Hare's" do do do 134 do "P. Labby" pound lump do 50 do Small Lump 11 & 16 lbs. to the various brands 335 qr. boxes Havana SEGARS "Muda" brand 167 qr. and eighth boxes do do "Jaque…
The Government of the 3d of May, at the head of which is General Philippe Guerrier, an old soldier of the first army, which, under Dessalines, achieved the independence of the country, has adopted moderate counsels, and evinces a most anxio…
A Dominican man-of-war schooner, belonging to General Santa Ana, called the Separacion, formerly the pilot boat Romp, arrived off here to-day, with letters from General Santa Ana to Gen. Villanueve, informing him that he, Santa Ana, had bee…
M. THIERS has brought up his Report from the Commission on the Deputies on the Education Bill as fashioned by the Peers. It is a grand tractate, which occupied nearly three hours in the reading, and requires seven or eight columns of the jo…
—We learn from Capt. Wilson of the brig Republic, just arrived from Port au Prince, that on the 12th of March the Haytien man of war Herard, in the schr. La Granada, had been seen off the South side of the Island, five miles off, by five gu…
We have received more recent accounts from the island of Hayti than the "Charleston Patriot" gives above. They are contained in the following extract of a letter received in Washington, from Cape Haytien, September 24: "The authorities of t…
Advices which have been received here go to show that the Haytians are making another great contest with the Dominicans, and that they are becoming tired of it. Against the Haytians, the blacks were always powerful and successful, by the ai…
Correspondence of the Journal of Commerce. THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. — This the Republic of the larger part of the Island of Hayti, the recognition of its de facto government, no one can doubt who will take the trouble to look into the case w…
Correspondence of the Tribune. WASHINGTON, Nov. 20, 1845. The comments which I thought it my duty to make on the proposed Annexation of this delightful island to the United States, seem to have attracted some general attention. As the subje…
Few of our readers are aware that a new Republic has been formed under this name in the island of St. Domingo. Yet such is the fact. Within two years past a revolution has been made, and successfully maintained against the negro government …
The news which we have received here, during the last two days, by two vessels from different ports of the Island of San Domingo, or Hayti, in the West Indies, and which will be found in this day's paper, is of the highest importance to thi…
To the Hon. John C. Calhoun, Secretary of State of the United States. 1. An addenda to his note of the 8th inst. to show that the union of the Spanish part, in 1822, with Hayti, was not voluntarily, but forcibly produced. 2. The Spanish par…
We have received from a friend in Washington two back Reports, relative to Mr. Hogan's Mission to the storied Island of St. Domingo. The Dominicans have applied to our Government for their Republic to be recognized as an Independent Nation.…
The late mission of the Hon. John Hogan, of Illinois, to the Island of St. Domingo, has been made the subject of comment in the public journals. Mr. Hogan is now here, and has made, or is about to make his report, on the subject of his miss…
MR. SLICER—Since the return of Mr. Hogan from his secret mission to St. Domingo, a strong disposition has been manifested to learn the result of his researches. The Washington correspondents of several northern papers, particularly of New-H…
The cupidity of our slaveholding democracy, fattened on Texas, is already active to accomplish the acquisition of Cuba. Having at last in their hands, the 'valley of rascals,' an empty world, they burn to make the most of their opportunitie…
From the Boston Journal. HAYTI. MR. SLEEPER—Since the return of Mr. Hogan from his secret mission to St. Domingo, a strong disposition has been manifested to learn the real state of Hayti. The Washington correspondents of several northern j…
Here we have accounts from St. Domingo, the city, to the 10th of February. The Dominicans were expecting the attack of the Haytiens, with good courage and preparations. There was a report current that Acaau had been playing again. It was be…
(From the New Orleans Bulletin, April 9.) The news from the city of Mexico is to the 21st of March. It is of no importance. The only thing of interest is the arrival at the city of Mexico of a messenger from his excellency the general in ch…
SummaryResumen
The *Alexandria Gazette* reported market prices for flour, corn, lumber, shingles, butter, lard, and salt provisions, and noted that F.C. Harrison, Esq. was appointed United States Commercial Agent for the Dominican Republic, believed to be the first official foreign appointment to that republic. Additionally, the newspaper stated that the Dominican tobacco crop was expected to exceed previous yields in both quantity and quality.
La *Alexandria Gazette* dio cuenta de las cotizaciones de harina, maíz, maderas de construcción, tejamaniles, mantequilla, manteca y provisiones saladas, anotando el nombramiento de F. C. Harrison como agente comercial de Estados Unidos en la República Dominicana, estimándose que constituía la primera designación oficial extranjera ante dicha república. El rotativo anticipaba además que la cosecha de tabaco dominicano sobrepasaría los rendimientos antecedentes tanto en abundancia como en bondad.
ject of my first letter. But on arriving and making various inquiries, relative thereto, and after carefully looking over the state of the country, I was thoroughly satisfied of the perfectly tranquilized state of this city and its inhabita…
CITY OF ST. DOMINGO, May 16, 1848. As promised in my last, I now proceed to give a sketch of the constitution of the Dominican Republic, embracing an occasional reference to laws subsequently enacted to carry out some of its provisions. Thi…
SummaryResumen
Based on the provided newspaper excerpt, President Soulouque captured the Dominican towns of Las Matas and St. John following a severe battle on March 18, resulting in numerous Dominican casualties, prisoners, and abandoned artillery. Generals Bobo, Vincent, and Michel were left in possession of the captured towns while the President departed for Port-au-Prince on March 19. Additionally, troops and men were gathering from various directions to join the President in preparation for another anticipated attack on the Dominicans.
A partir del fragmento publicado, el presidente Soulouque se apoderó de las villas dominicanas de Las Matas y San Juan tras un reñido combate librado el 18 de marzo, saldado con copiosas bajas, prisioneros y trenes de artillería abandonados por los dominicanos. Los generales Bobo, Vincent y Michel quedaron al mando de las poblaciones ocupadas, al tiempo que el gobernante salía rumbo a Puerto Príncipe el 19 de marzo. Entretanto, contingentes y reclutas confluían desde distintos puntos para incorporarse a las fuerzas presidenciales ante la previsión de una nueva ofensiva contra los dominicanos.
—The Boston Traveller of the 28th ult. notices the arrival of the Mary Chilton, from Hayti. The accounts by the Chilton are up to the 29th of March; and her commander, Capt. Skirvan, states that Soulouque's army was at least 15,000 strong, …
SummaryResumen
The *Daily National Intelligencer* reported that the Haitian army under President Soulouque was completely routed in the Dominican Republic, leaving behind numerous dead, artillery, munitions, and captured battle flags. Dominican forces recaptured Azua on April 21, with General Santana advancing across the border in aggressive pursuit. The report also reprinted a proclamation from Soulouque urging the eastern inhabitants to submit to the Haitian republic.
El *Daily National Intelligencer* informó que el ejército haitiano acaudillado por el presidente Soulouque sufrió una completa desbandada en la República Dominicana, abandonando cuantiosos caídos, piezas de artillería, pertrechos y estandartes tomados en combate. Las fuerzas dominicanas recuperaron Azua el 21 de abril, avanzando el general Santana a través de la frontera en decidida persecución. La reseña reprodujo asimismo una proclama de Soulouque exhortando a los habitantes del Este a someterse a la república de Haití.
—By the arrival of the schooner J. B. Lindsay, Capt. Hattaway, from St. Domingo city, which place she left on the 24th ult., we learn that another revolution had broken out, and that the army and navy had declared in favor of Gen. Santa Ann…
Intelligence from St. Domingo to the 25th ult., has been received. A revolution had broken out.—The troops and the navy had declared in favor of Gen. Santa Anna for President. The President Hernandes, met the troops on the outskirts of the …
We learn from Capt. Hathaway, of schr. L. B. Lindsey, from St. Domingo City, up to the 12th ult., that a revolution had broken out there. The troops and the navy had declared in favor of Gen. Santa Anna for President. The President, Hernann…
By the arrival of the schooner J. D. Lindsay, Captain Hathaway, from St. Domingo City, which place she left on the 25th ult., we learn that another revolution had broken out, and that the army and navy had declared in favor of General Santa…
SummaryResumen
President Hernannes met troops on the outskirts of the city and claimed command, prompting General Santa Anna to briefly retire to his plantation before troops requested he lead them, leading him to march on the city after President Hernannes ordered the burning of Don Carlos. It was anticipated that Santa Anna would capture St. Domingo City and be declared President of the Dominican Government. Additionally, reports from the schooner *Silas E. Hand* noted that island affairs were discouraging for peace and commerce, and that the President falsely claimed victory in dispatches following an unsuccessful expedition against the Spanish part of the island where his army lost all its cannon.
El presidente Jimenes [Hernannes] salió al encuentro de las fuerzas en los arrabales urbanos arrogándose el mando, induciendo al general Santana a retirarse brevemente a su hacienda hasta que la tropa le solicitó encabezarla, lo que le llevó a avanzar sobre la capital una vez que Jimenes decretó el incendio de San Carlos [Don Carlos]. Se calculaba que Santana reduciría la ciudad de Santo Domingo y sería aclamado presidente de la República Dominicana. Además, despachos traídos por la goleta *Silas E. Hand* pintaban un cuadro desalentador para la paz y el comercio insulares, señalando que el gobernante haitiano se atribuía falsas victorias tras una fallida expedición contra la banda española en la que su ejército perdió toda la artillería.
By Captain McIntyre, of the schooner Enterprise, arrived on Monday night, in eleven days, from Cape Haytien, we have been furnished with the following items of news:— The Emperor of the Republic of Hayti had issued an edict, to take effect …
HAYTIENS!—The new President of the republic of Dominica addresses you, in the name of his fellow-citizens, and in the common interest of all. It is now nearly six years ago that we separated from you, and declared ourselves independent; and…
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that the Dominicans remained in a constant state of defense and uncertainty due to the apprehension of further invasion from the West End. It also noted the March arrival of the United States steamer *Vixen* at the city of St. Domingo, which was set to sail for Washington carrying U.S. chargé Mr. Green, a ten-ton solid mahogany altar sent by the Archbishop of St. Domingo to the Archbishop of Baltimore, and a painting by Murillo presented to the vessel's surgeon, Dr. Bell.
El periódico comunicó que los dominicanos se hallaban en perenne pie de alerta y zozobra ante el recelo de una nueva invasión desde el extremo occidental. Anotó asimismo la arribada en marzo del vapor estadounidense *Vixen* a la ciudad de Santo Domingo, dispuesto a zarpar rumbo a Washington conduciendo al encargado de negocios norteamericano, Sr. Green, un altar de caoba maciza de diez toneladas remitido por el arzobispo de Santo Domingo al arzobispo de Baltimore y un óleo de Murillo obsequiado al cirujano de a bordo, Dr. Bell.
The release of the Contoy prisoners. What is the next scene in the bill of the play? Some say that Hayti is next to become the subject of some peremptory demands, enforced at the cannon's mouth. English abolitionists, it is said, are intrig…
[Correspondence of the Journal of Commerce.] Military Preparations in Hayti. PORT AU PRINCE, July —, 1850. The most prominent item of news, in public affairs here, for the last few months, is the rumor of another onset by Soulouque upon the…
SummaryResumen
According to the newspaper, a Treaty of Peace, Amity, Commerce, and Navigation between the Republic of St. Domingo and Great Britain was signed on March 6th by Hon. Jose Maria Medrano for the Republic and Sir Robert H. Schombourgh for Great Britain. The report also notes provisions concerning the right of visiting to suppress the slave trade, restricting vessels suspected of the trade within twenty leagues of the coast of the Republic and of Cuba and Porto Rico.
Según el periódico, el 6 de marzo se suscribió un Tratado de Paz, Amistad, Comercio y Navegación entre la República de Santo Domingo y Gran Bretaña por el honorable José María Medrano, en representación dominicana, y sir Robert H. Schomburgk, por la parte británica. El informe desglosa cláusulas tocantes al derecho de visita para reprimir la trata de esclavos, limitándolo a buques sospechosos dentro de una franja de veinte leguas de las costas de la República, de Cuba y de Puerto Rico.
A treaty between St. Domingo and Great Britain has been signed, to endure for ten years, which permits the right of search for the prevention of the slave trade. Dominican vessels suspected of being engaged in the traffic may be searched by…
—The President and Dominicans are forming an army. They are plentifully supplied with arms and ammunition. The ratification of a treaty with England, in which that nation acknowledges the independence from Hayti of the Republic of St. Domin…
SummaryResumen
The *New York Herald* reported on articles of agreement between the British dominions and the Dominican Republic, establishing reciprocal freedom of commerce and equal protection for their respective subjects and citizens. Specifically, Article 2 grants British subjects the right to reside in, trade freely within, and buy and sell without monopolies in the Dominican Republic under most-favored-nation privileges, with corresponding rights granted to Dominican citizens in British dominions. Additionally, Article 3 stipulates that tonnage, import, and export duties levied on vessels and goods from either nation shall not exceed those levied on national vessels and goods.
El *New York Herald* extractó las cláusulas convencionales convenidas entre los dominios británicos y la República Dominicana, estipulando recíproca libertad mercantil e idéntica salvaguardia para sus vasallos y ciudadanos. En concreto, el artículo 2 otorga a los súbditos británicos facultad de avecindarse, comerciar libremente y efectuar compras y ventas sin monopolios en territorio dominicano bajo el principio de nación más favorecida, con análogos fueros para los ciudadanos dominicanos en dominios de la Corona. Asimismo, el artículo 3 previene que los derechos de tonelaje, entrada y salida exigidos a naves y mercaderías de uno y otro estado no sobrepasarán los fijados a las unidades y géneros de pabellón nacional.
IN THE NAME OF THE MOST HOLY TRINITY. Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the President of the Dominican Republic, being desirous to consecrate the formal recognition of the independence of the same…
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that the country was tranquil and coffee was scarce. It also noted that the vessel *Lysander* brought a new ordinance, published at the Cape in the name of the emperor on January 22, which introduced important amendments to the customs law of 1828 regarding fixed duties, manifests, and consular certificates.
El periódico transmitió que el territorio permanecía sosegado y el grano de café escaseaba. Notificó además que el navío *Lysander* portó una flamante ordenanza promulgada en El Cabo a nombre del emperador con fecha 22 de enero, la cual introducía reformas sustanciales en la ley arancelaria de 1828 respecto a derechos fijos, sobordos y certificaciones consulares.
—A letter from Porte-au-Prince, dated April 10, published in the New York Journal of Commerce, says that the Haytien Congress have not yet made a decision on the offer of mediation between the Haytiens and Dominicans, by the three commercia…
Price 25 cents. This number is one of the best and most attractive yet issued. It contains a great variety of interesting and valuable matter, among which we notice a very interesting and well-written account of the mission of Mr. Robert M.…
SummaryResumen
A letter from Port-au-Prince, published in the *New-York Journal of Commerce*, reported on the efforts of English, French, and American consuls to dissuade the "Black Emperor" from invading the Dominican territory. The writer criticized the barbarous manner in which wars are conducted on the island and condemned the naval preparations being made for the attack.
Una epístola remitida desde Puerto Príncipe e inserta en el *New-York Journal of Commerce* dio pormenores sobre las gestiones aunadas de los cónsules de Inglaterra, Francia y Estados Unidos con el objeto de disuadir al «emperador negro» de emprender la invasión del suelo dominicano. El corresponsal censuraba la crueldad con que se conducían las hostilidades en la isla y vituperaba el apresto bélico naval dispuesto para la acometida.
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that a project involving the Dominican Republic was described as purely commercial, lacking any reference to annexation or the extension of slavery. The correspondent stated that their political objective in communicating the proposals was solely to help protect the Dominicans from attacks by their black neighbors, the Haytiens. Additionally, the excerpt referenced efforts by English, French, and American consuls to dissuade the black Emperor (Soulouque) from invading Dominican territory in order to restore peace to the island.
El periódico comunicó que el proyecto formulado en torno a la República Dominicana fue conceptuado como de índole estrictamente mercantil, desprovisto de miras anexionistas o de propagación de la esclavitud. El informante aseveraba que el móvil diplomático de elevar tales propuestas radicaba con exclusividad en coadyuvar al resguardo de los dominicanos ante las agresiones de sus convecinos haitianos. Se rememoraban por añadidura los empeños diplomáticos de los representantes inglés, francés y norteamericano orientados a apartar al emperador de color (Soulouque) de irrumpir en predios dominicanos para afianzar la pacificación de la isla.
By an arrival here to-day, we have dates from St. Domingo to the 30th. The markets were glutted with American provisions. Coffee was much depressed. The excessive issue of government paper money, has had a disastrous effect on business. The…
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that after the expulsion of Boyer in 1843 and the accession of Gen. Riviere, the Dominicans seized an opportunity while the garrison was reduced to capture the remaining troops, proclaim a provisional independent government in early January 1844, and issue a revolutionary manifesto on January 16, 1844. It described the Dominican population as consisting of pure whites—who were the intellectually predominant and ruling class—and mixed races of various colors, all of whom were constitutionally declared equal citizens before the law. Additionally, the excerpt noted that Santana, the Dominican liberator and first President, resigned in 1848 and was succeeded by Jimenez, who was described as a traitor.
El periódico relató que tras el derrocamiento de Boyer en 1843 y la exaltación del general Rivière, los dominicanos aprovecharon la mengua de la guarnición para reducir a las tropas restantes, proclamar un gobierno provisional independiente a principios de enero de 1844 y promulgar una manifestación revolucionaria el 16 de enero de 1844. Describía a la población dominicana integrada por blancos puros —que constituían la clase intelectualmente rectora y gobernante— y razas mixtas de diversos matices, proclamados todos constitucionalmente ciudadanos iguales ante la ley. Añadía el extracto que Santana, libertador dominicano y primer presidente, renunció en 1848 y fue sucedido por Jimenes, a quien se tildaba de traidor.
—Some time in 1849, Mr. King, of Georgia, then a member of the House of Representatives, made a speech on the subject of the recognition of the independence of Hayti, in which he gave a brief history of the manner in which the Dominicans we…
The latest news from Hayti is to the 20th ultimo. The Emperor Soulouque still refused to acknowledge the independence of the Dominican republic, and would not agree to an exchange of prisoners. He had threatened the messengers who went to P…
The fact is believed to be simply that the President was authorised in 1851 to negotiate for a loan, but that such a loan would require the sanction of the Legislature, and that it is doubtful if this could be obtained for anything like the…
SummaryResumen
M. Leon Roche has been appointed to succeed M. Raybaud as the French Consul General at Hayti, while the French war steamer *L'Ardent* departed St. Domingo on July 14 for Puerto-Plata carrying the resident French Consul. Additionally, President Buenaventura Báez issued a decree on June 1 establishing government packet vessels to run between Dominican ports and St. Thomas, and the President departed on July 16 to visit the southern frontier.
M. Léon Roche fue designado para relevar a M. Raybaud en el cargo de cónsul general de Francia en Haití, mientras el vapor de guerra francés *L'Ardent* zarpó de Santo Domingo el 14 de julio hacia Puerto Plata conduciendo al cónsul francés residente. Por lo demás, el presidente Buenaventura Báez dictó un decreto el 1 de junio estableciendo paquebotes gubernamentales que cubriesen la línea entre los puertos dominicanos y Saint Thomas, saliendo el mandatario el 16 de julio en visita de inspección a la frontera meridional.
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that correspondence between the State Department and its agent, Mr. Hubert M. Walsh, has been made public, clearly setting forth the administration's motives in offering its good offices to the Dominican Republic. According to the excerpt, the Spanish portion of St. Domingo voluntarily subjected itself to Hayti in 1821, but later established an independent republic out of self-preservation due to the invasion of their rights, liberties, and threats of extermination under Haytien rule. Although the negroes of Hayti regarded this separation as a revolt and attempted to reduce the Dominicans to subjection by force, all efforts by the Haytien government to reconquer the territory proved unequal.
El diario notificó que se dio a la estampa la correspondencia cursada entre el Departamento de Estado y su comisionado, Sr. Hubert M. Walsh, esclareciendo los móviles del gobierno al brindar sus buenos oficios a la República Dominicana. Según el extracto, la comarca española de Santo Domingo se acogió espontáneamente a Haití en 1821, pero constituyó luego una república independiente por imperativo de propia conservación ante la vulneración de sus prerrogativas, libertades y fundados temores de exterminio bajo el dominio haitiano. Pese a que los negros de Haití juzgaron dicha separación como sedición y procuraron someter por la fuerza a los dominicanos, cuantas tentativas desplegó el gobierno haitiano para reconquistar el suelo patrio resultaron estériles.
The December number, for January, 1853, will be the first of the forty-first volume of the Knickerbocker Magazine. Since the price of subscription has been reduced from five to three dollars a year, the circulation of the Knickerbocker has …
SummaryResumen
The newspaper criticizes United States policy toward Hayti, attributing it to slavery-dominated diplomacy and the failure to recognize Hayti's independence. It reports that, following domestic interference and joint bullying with foreign governments, the French have taken possession of Samana as a naval station under the pretext of intervening for Dominica. The publication warns that this acquisition will allow France to monitor American commerce and facilitate hostile actions against the United States in the event of war.
El periódico desaprueba la directriz diplomática de Estados Unidos hacia Haití, imputándola a la servidumbre de intereses proesclavistas y al desconocimiento de su independencia. Afirma que, tras presiones conjuntas con gabinetes europeos e injerencias intestinas, los franceses tomaron posesión de Samaná a guisa de apostadero naval con la excusa de proteger a la República Dominicana. La publicación previene que dicho enclave consentirá a Francia vigilar las rutas mercantiles norteamericanas y propiciar acometidas bélicas contra Estados Unidos en coyunturas de guerra.
SummaryResumen
The *Pawtucket Gazette and Chronicle* reported that Haitian Emperor Soulouque rejected Dominican independence, insisting the island was indivisible, though he offered assurances that hostilities would not resume. The ongoing truce was attributed in part to the depletion of the Haitian treasury following Soulouque’s lavish coronation ceremonies. An observer, Mr. Walsh, concluded that Dominican independence could ultimately only be maintained by force of arms against Haiti.
La *Pawtucket Gazette and Chronicle* notificó que el emperador haitiano Soulouque desconoció la emancipación dominicana persistiendo en la indivisibilidad insular, si bien dispensó promesas de que las acciones de guerra no se reiniciarían. La subsistencia del armisticio obedecía en grado sumo a la ruina del erario haitiano provocada por los suntuosos fastos de coronación del monarca. Un observador, el comisionado Walsh, dedujo que la independencia dominicana sólo podría asegurarse a la postre por la vía de las armas contra Haití.
SummaryResumen
The *New-York Daily Tribune* reported on January 19, 1853, that a treaty with France involved aiding individuals to dismember Haytian territory and establish a new government through a revolutionary conspiracy. The article compared this French action to supporting South Carolina in seceding from the Federal Union and suggested that the Emperor of Hayti would be justified in considering the French debt cancelled if France does not disclaim the acts. Finally, the excerpt questions whether the Emperor of Hayti will dare to challenge Emperor Napoleon III and the power of France.
El *New-York Daily Tribune* denunció el 19 de enero de 1853 que un convenio suscrito con Francia implicaba cooperar con quienes desmembraron el suelo haitiano para erigir una nueva autoridad por vía de una sedición armada. El articulista equiparaba este proceder galo a un presunto respaldo a Carolina del Sur para segregarse de la Unión federal, sugiriendo que el mandatario de Haití tendría fundadas razones para declarar extinguida la deuda francesa si París no desautorizaba tales actuaciones. Concluía cuestionando si el soberano haitiano osaría desafiar al emperador Napoleón III y el poderío de Francia.
SummaryResumen
Letters from France dated in late November make no mention of a pretended occupation of Saint Domingo, noting instead that French vessels were stationed at Port-au-Prince to watch Soulouque's movements. The report also states that no peace treaty has been signed between the Dominican Republic and the Haytian Empire, raising expectations that hostilities would resume following the expiration of the armistice. Additionally, M. Max. Raybaud's May mission as French Plenipotentiary was to sign a Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with the Dominican Republic, which has now been ratified.
Despachos provenientes de Francia a finales de noviembre no hacían alusión a una pretendida ocupación de Santo Domingo, consignando en cambio que buques de guerra franceses permanecían apostados en Puerto Príncipe para vigilar las operaciones de Soulouque. El parte advierte asimismo que no se había firmado ningún tratado de paz formal entre la República Dominicana y el Imperio haitiano, avivándose el temor de que se reanudaran los enfrentamientos al fenecer el armisticio. Por lo demás, la misión de mayo de M. Max Raybaud como plenipotenciario consistió en suscribir un Tratado de Comercio y Navegación con la República Dominicana, el cual quedó ratificado.
SummaryResumen
*The New York Herald* translated a Dominican government public document detailing the proceedings of the National Congress on March 11, 1853, presided over by Senor Felix Moylla. During the session, President General Pedro Santana informed the Congress that he had invited Archbishop Don Tomas de Portea Infanta to take the oath of fidelity to the republic's constitution.
*The New York Herald* vertió al inglés un testimonio oficial del gobierno dominicano contentivo de las actas del Congreso Nacional del 11 de marzo de 1853, bajo la presidencia de don Félix Mota [consignado como Moylla]. En dicha asamblea, el presidente constitucional, general Pedro Santana, participó a las cámaras haber conminado al arzobispo don Tomás de Portes e Infante a prestar juramento de fidelidad a la constitución de la república.
SummaryResumen
According to the *New-York daily tribune* on April 21, 1854, martial law was declared in Santiago following a conspiracy, with five ringleaders before the court and over forty persons under arrest. Meanwhile, the revision of the Dominican Constitution was completed, featuring an increased number of representatives and senators, the creation of a vice president, and changes reducing the naturalization time periods required for foreigners to become eligible as representatives and senators. Additionally, while the standard presidential and vice-presidential term was set at four years, actual President General Santana was granted two terms in office, allowing him to hold the chair until February 1861.
Con arreglo al *New-York daily tribune* del 21 de abril de 1854, se declaró el estado de sitio en Santiago a raíz de una conspiración, encausándose ante los jueces a cinco cabecillas y permaneciendo más de cuarenta sujetos en prisión. Entre tanto, concluyó la reforma de la Constitución dominicana, elevándose la representación en el cuerpo legislativo con mayor número de diputados y senadores, estableciéndose la magistratura de vicepresidente y abreviándose los plazos de avecindamiento para que los forasteros optasen a ser elegidos representantes y senadores. Asimismo, fijándose en cuatro años el mandato ordinario del presidente y vicepresidente, al actual mandatario, general Santana, se le concedieron dos períodos sucesivos, autorizándosele a regir la presidencia hasta febrero de 1861.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. The Evening Post, in an article so maliciously and contemptibly false that it could not possibly be written by a gentleman, and to which no gentleman would condescend a written answer, accuses me of pla…
SummaryResumen
Based on the provided excerpt, the newspaper reported that after desisting in 1850 due to international interposition, an unspecified "savage despot" is making formidable preparations for another invasion of Dominica. The article argues that the United States must protect the Dominican Republic and defeat French annexation schemes, noting that France is allegedly intriguing for its conquest, interfering in its domestic affairs, and possibly holding the peninsula of Samaná. It further expresses approval that Mr. Douglas has introduced a matter to the Senate to inquire about recognizing Dominica's independence and opening diplomatic intercourse.
Conforme al fragmento inserto, el rotativo denunció que, tras contenerse en 1850 merced a la mediación de las potencias, un «tirano despótico» promovía considerables aprestos bélicos con el propósito de consumar una nueva invasión contra la República Dominicana. El artículo exhortaba a Estados Unidos a tutelar a los dominicanos y desbaratar las ambiciones anexionistas de Francia, aseverando que ésta conspiraba para sojuzgar el país, se inmiscuía en su política interna y retenía potencialmente la península de Samaná. Aplaude además la iniciativa presentada en el Senado por el legislador Douglas para dilucidar el reconocimiento de la independencia dominicana y el establecimiento formal de relaciones diplomáticas.
SummaryResumen
The June 9, 1854 *New York Herald* reports that the Dominican people are brave, orderly, and progressive, having successfully sustained their independence since 1844 by winning every battle against the Haytiens despite great odds, such as at the battle of Las Carreras where Santana defeated Faustin. The article states that Haytien emissaries attempted to incite colored Dominicans to murder whites and believe false rumors that Americans were coming to enslave them. Furthermore, the newspaper criticizes an American journal (the *Post*) for presenting cases in a way that incites insurrection among blacks while defending Hayti's destructive actions.
El ejemplar del 9 de junio de 1854 de *The New York Herald* refiere que el pueblo dominicano es valiente, ordenado y progresista, habiendo sostenido con éxito su independencia desde 1844 al salir victorioso en todas las batallas libradas contra los haitianos pese a la disparidad numérica, como en la batalla de Las Carreras, donde Santana derrotó a Faustino. El artículo señala que emisarios haitianos intentaron incitar a los dominicanos de color a dar muerte a los blancos y dar crédito al falso rumor de que los estadounidenses venían a esclavizarlos. Asimismo, el periódico censura a un diario norteamericano (el *Post*) por exponer los hechos de un modo que atizaba la insurrección de los negros mientras disculpaba los desmanes destructivos de Haití.
It would hardly seem possible to deny, in a formal manner, the ridiculous stories put in circulation by the New York Evening Post respecting Gen. Cazneau's mission last winter to St. Domingo. His honorable career as a public officer, his hi…
It was hardly worth the trouble to deny, in a formal manner, the ridiculous stories put in circulation by the New York Evening Post respecting Gen. Cazneau's business last winter in St. Domingo. His honorable career as a [illegible] of thei…
SummaryResumen
The *Liberator* reported that the Boston Post defended the United States government's disposition to recognize the independence of Dominica while ignoring the absence of any proposed recognition for Hayti and Liberia, despite stronger commercial and historical reasons to do so. The article argued that Dominica is of little commercial importance and would be politically united with Hayti—from which it rebelled due to religious differences—were it not for outside intrigues. Furthermore, the newspaper claimed that the American "Slave Power" has decided that the prosperity of Dominicans and Haytiens of African descent would injure its "peculiar institution."
*The Liberator* refirió que el *Boston Post* justificó la inclinación del gobierno de Washington a reconocer la independencia dominicana al tiempo que ignoraba la falta de reconocimiento hacia Haití y Liberia, no obstante mediar motivos históricos y comerciales de mayor peso para hacerlo. La columna aducía que Santo Domingo poseía escaso relieve mercantil y permanecería unido políticamente a Haití —de donde se desgajó por disidencias religiosas— de no mediar intrigas foráneas. Aseveraba además el periódico que el «Poder Esclavista» norteamericano determinó que el florecimiento de dominicanos y haitianos de ascendencia africana perjudicaría a su «peculiar institución».
Correspondence of the N. Y. Tribune. Santiago, (Island of Hayti,) Sept. 14, 1854. The Island of Hayti is divided nominally between two independent powers, the Dominican Republic at the east, which is under white preponderance, and the west,…
—The New York Tribune is a monomaniac on the Southern question. Not a paper comes from that office which does not bear its "testimony" against the "curse" of slavery. Greeley evidently thinks that the salvation of his soul depends upon blaz…
SummaryResumen
The *New-York Daily Tribune* reported on Dominican resistance to Haitian control, noting that memories of severe mistreatment and violence during past Haitian rule deterred locals from favoring Haitian dominance. Despite rumors circulated that Americans intended to enslave the population, both white and mixed-race residents remained fearful of a Haitian return. The correspondent urged the United States to counter British diplomatic influence by officially recognizing the Dominican Republic.
El *New-York Daily Tribune* dio cuenta de la irreductible resistencia dominicana a la hegemonía haitiana, observando que la memoria de atropellos y rigores padecidos durante el régimen anterior apartaba a los naturales de cualquier simpatía hacia el dominio haitiano. Pese a las patrañas propaladas de que los norteamericanos proyectaban esclavizar a la población, tanto los moradores blancos como los de color temían sobremanera la restauración del yugo haitiano. El corresponsal encarecía a Estados Unidos a contrarrestar la injerencia diplomática británica mediante el reconocimiento oficial de la República Dominicana.
Our St. Domingo Correspondence. ST. DOMINGO, Nov. 24, 1854. Antics of European Diplomacy on the Island—The European Consuls think St. Domingo is Sebastopol—Uncle Sam has his Laugh at them. The mail packet from St. Thomas brought to St. Domi…
The Tribune professes to have news of what the "Two-horse Mission," as it calls it, to St. Domingo, up to the 20th. It says that Mr. Cazneau has failed in his mission, and, it is understood, is to be withdrawn, because, upon examination, it…
SummaryResumen
Based on the provided excerpt, the newspaper reported that the Dominican legislature prevented the ratification of a thirty-article treaty of amity, commerce, and navigation due to concerns that a clause regarding the legal rights of mulatto citizens was too vague, while the U.S. commissioner refused a proposed amendment. Additionally, the excerpt noted the presence of four French warships in the port of St. Domingo and the expected arrival of an English fleet supposedly to prevent the treaty's final ratification.
A partir del fragmento publicado, el rotativo informó que el Congreso dominicano frenó la ratificación de un tratado de treinta artículos de amistad, comercio y navegación por juzgar ambigua una cláusula sobre los derechos civiles de los ciudadanos mulatos, habiendo rehusado el comisionado estadounidense la enmienda propuesta. Se reseñaba asimismo la permanencia de cuatro buques de guerra franceses en el puerto de Santo Domingo y la inminente llegada de una escuadra británica con el fin aparente de impedir la convalidación definitiva del pacto.
The Government Blockade by French and English War Steamers—The Disaffirmance of the Encroachment—Grand Political Stroke of the Associated Soulouque—Louis Napoleon and Padre Higue—How Santana Outwitted, and the Americans Hatted—The Treaty Ne…
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that the Dominican government discovered and crushed a revolutionary plot, but French and English consuls protected the conspirators from punishment by granting them asylum and refusing Dominican demands for their trial. The article claimed that England and France are usurping territory and violating neutrality laws near American trade routes, and it urged Congress to repeal the neutrality laws of 1818 regarding these powers until they evacuate their usurpations on American soil.
El periódico comunicó que el gobierno dominicano desarticuló una conjura sediciosa, pero los cónsules francés e inglés sustrajeron a los inculpados de la vindicta pública concediéndoles asilo y desatendiendo las reclamaciones de los tribunales patrios para procesarlos. El artículo imputaba a Inglaterra y Francia usurpar territorios y conculcar las leyes de neutralidad en proximidad a las rutas comerciales norteamericanas, exhortando al Congreso a revocar las leyes de neutralidad de 1818 para dichas potencias mientras no desalojaran sus enclaves en el hemisferio.
The anti-American journals of Europe have largely occupied themselves, in concert with their faithful allies—the disunion press of this country—in misrepresenting the motives and circumstances of the treaty which I had concluded with the Do…
SummaryResumen
A United States representative reported that Dominican officials expressed concern that both their legislative and executive powers were under European duress and asked if the U.S. would defend their negotiations from European dictation. While the representative expressed confidence in the U.S. Executive and noted that resisting European encroachment is a fundamental doctrine of the American system, they acknowledged that past passive behavior regarding England in Nicaragua and Honduras might mean the U.S. would remain passive regarding France colonizing the Bay of Samana. Despite the representative's efforts to encourage resistance, they admitted the Dominican government was pressed on all sides by France and England.
Un enviado de Estados Unidos comunicó que las autoridades dominicanas exteriorizaron su zozobra de que tanto el poder legislativo como el ejecutivo se hallasen bajo coacción europea, indagando si Washington ampararía sus deliberaciones frente a imposiciones del Viejo Mundo. Aunque el comisionado manifestó confianza en el gobierno norteamericano y recordó que repeler intromisiones europeas era principio medular de la doctrina continental, admitió que la pasividad anterior frente a Inglaterra en Nicaragua y Honduras hacía temer una inacción semejante ante la colonización francesa de la bahía de Samaná. Pese a sus exhortaciones a la firmeza, reconoció que el régimen dominicano se encontraba acosado por doquier por Francia y Gran Bretaña.
—The people of Europe are beginning to see more and more clearly the evils and dangers of large standing armies. Even the press is beginning to speak out. The recent coup d'etat in Spain for the overthrow of constitutional government is ala…
SummaryResumen
The *Houma Ceres* reported that Spanish agent Segovia, backed by Spanish naval vessels and French diplomatic support, forced the Dominican government to recall a treaty pending in Washington. Segovia compelled President Santana to resign in favor of Buenaventura Báez and replaced pro-American cabinet members with his own allies. The report warned that Segovia was registering Dominicans as Spanish subjects to bring the entire island under Spanish rule and exclude American influence.
El *Houma Ceres* informó que el agente español Segovia, respaldado por buques de guerra hispanos y el concurso diplomático francés, forzó al gobierno dominicano a retirar un tratado pendiente de ratificación en Washington. Segovia conminó al presidente Santana a dimitir en favor de Buenaventura Báez y sustituyó a los secretarios proclives a Estados Unidos por adictos a su causa. La noticia alertaba de que Segovia matriculaba a ciudadanos dominicanos como súbditos de la corona española con la mira de reincorporar toda la isla a la dominación de España y proscribir el predicamento norteamericano.
—The steamer Black Warrior, with Havana dates to the 16th instant, arrived at New York on Monday night. It was reported in Havana that a Spanish brig-of-war has 6,000 stand of arms on board, destined for the use of the Spanish faction again…
The U. S. mail steamship Black Warrior, Capt. J. W. Smith, arrived at her wharf Wednesday evening last, and brings the following late Havana news: The Black Warrior reports that the Spanish brig-of-war Habanero, with six thousand stand of a…
SummaryResumen
During March, the American schooner *Charles Hill*, commanded by Captain Smith, collided with a Dominican packet, leading to the captain's imprisonment in San Domingo for failing to pay a $3,000 fine for willful damage. Captain Smith has abandoned his schooner to the government, prompting a correspondent in San Domingo City to demand redress from the Cabinet at Washington. Additionally, the excerpt briefly notes that no further outbreaks occurred yesterday following an incident where individuals arriving at a location found only a doorman.
En el curso de marzo, la goleta estadounidense *Charles Hill*, a órdenes del capitán Smith, colisionó con un paquebote dominicano, motivando la prisión del patrón en Santo Domingo por omitir el pago de una indemnización de 3.000 pesos fijada por perjuicios intencionados. El capitán Smith desamparó su embarcación dejándola en manos del fisco dominicano, induciendo a un corresponsal en la capital a clamar desagravio ante el gabinete de Washington. El suelto añadía sucintamente que no se registraron nuevas alteraciones en la víspera tras un incidente donde varios sujetos acudieron a un paraje hallando únicamente a un portero.
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that after the arrival of reinforcements and a subsequent battle, General Puello was taken prisoner and a colonel reportedly killed himself to avoid the same fate, while the provisional government offered pardons to partisans of President Baez. According to the correspondence, President Baez was obliged to leave St. Domingo, and the provisional government was selecting a competent chief, though letters from Port-au-Prince also noted that the insurgents appealed to Emperor Faustin for aid and sought annexation to the empire of Hayti.
El periódico dio a conocer que, tras confluir refuerzos y librarse una refriega, el general Puello cayó prisionero y un coronel se quitó la vida para no sufrir igual suerte, en tanto el gobierno provisional extendía el indulto a los adeptos al presidente Báez. Conforme a la correspondencia, el mandatario Báez se vio obligado a desamparar Santo Domingo, abocándose el gobierno provisorio a elegir un jefe idóneo, si bien epístolas remitidas desde Puerto Príncipe advertían que los insurrectos imploraron socorro al emperador Faustino demandando la incorporación al Imperio de Haití.
SummaryResumen
Baez and his party are reported to be hard-pressed by Santana, leading to official steps to procure peace through the mediation of English, French, and Spanish consuls. Santana has rejected their initial terms and insists that Baez submit a written proposition for the capitulation of San Domingo. Meanwhile, Santana's forces have occupied the peninsula of Samana, and the war-brig *Nineteenth of March*, carrying munitions, provisions, and documents implicating Baez in the misuse of public funds, has surrendered to the Provisional Government.
Se comunicaba que Báez y su bando se hallaban cercados por Santana, entablándose trámites oficiales para alcanzar un avenimiento mediante la interposición de los cónsules de Inglaterra, Francia y España. Santana desechó las condiciones preliminares y exigió que Báez presentase una propuesta formal y por escrito para la capitulación de Santo Domingo. En el ínterin, las tropas de Santana ocuparon la península de Samaná, y el bergantín artillado *19 de Marzo*, con cargamento de pertrechos, bastimentos y pliegos que comprometían a Báez en la malversación de fondos públicos, se rindió al Gobierno Provisional.
SummaryResumen
Following the expiration of a deadline, a bombardment of Port au Plate commenced, though fire from the fort forced the attackers out of range. The St. Jago government stated it would seek foreign aid before yielding to Baez, whose fleet's movements were favored by English and French consuls, leaving the United States as the sole government to depend upon. Additionally, the American schooner *Wing of the Wind* successfully ran the blockade with a cargo from New York on the 27th, while the U.S. Consul at St. Domingo, Mr. Elliott, remained imprisoned in his house for fear of his life without the presence of U.S. warships.
Expirado el plazo otorgado, dio principio el cañoneo sobre Puerto Plata, aunque la réplica de artillería del fuerte obligó a los atacantes a retirarse fuera de tiro. El gobierno radicado en Santiago previno que antes recabaría auxilio foráneo que someterse a Báez, a cuyos buques amparaban los cónsules británico y francés, restando Estados Unidos como el único amparo confiable. Asimismo, la goleta estadounidense *Wing of the Wind* burló el bloqueo con cargamento de Nueva York el día 27, en tanto el cónsul norteamericano en Santo Domingo, Sr. Elliott, permanecía encerrado en su morada temiendo por su vida ante la ausencia de buques de guerra de su nación.
SummaryResumen
The *New-York daily tribune* reported that the cultivation of tobacco had stimulated industry in Santiago, a city with a fine climate and a larger population than its southern rival, which the prevailing party in the late civil war—led by Pedro Santana—sought to make the seat of government. Historically, the territory acknowledged Spanish authority until declaring independence as the Republic of Spanish Haiti in 1821, though the inhabitants soon united with the western Haitian Republic under President Boyer. Following the fall of Boyer twenty-one years later, the people of San Domingo seized the opportunity to regain their independence.
El *New-York daily tribune* dio cuenta de que el laboreo del tabaco fomentó la actividad productiva en Santiago, plaza favorecida por su clima benigno y mayor vecindario que su émula del sur, la cual la facción triunfante en la pasada discordia civil —conducida por Pedro Santana— procuraba designar capital del Estado. En lo tocante a su pasado, la comarca reconoció la potestad hispana hasta proclamar su emancipación como Estado Independiente del Haití Español en 1821, incorporándose en breve los naturales a la República haitiana bajo el presidente Boyer. Tras el derrocamiento de Boyer veintiún años después, el pueblo dominicano aprovechó la coyuntura para reconquistar su libertad política.
Pork was in moderately active demand, and about 1,100 barrels were sold, at $17 87 1/2 a $18 for old mess, and $18 25 for new mess. Tallow was steady, with sales of 30,000 lbs. at 10 1/4c. Lard was unchanged, with sales of 250 barrels at 11…
SummaryResumen
Based on the provided excerpt, a letter from Hayti published in the *Journal du Havre* contradicts reports of a declaration from Emperor Soulouque, though the Dominican nation remains ready to resist any potential invasion while its country is tranquil and preparing for a January 1 presidential election. The article notes that General Geffrard's reported successful insurrection could open a new chapter in the island's wars, and provides geographic and demographic statistics for the island, which is divided between Hayti and the Dominican republic. Additionally, it describes the island's capital, military forces, climate, and soil, noting that productiveness has declined due to corrupt rule.
A tenor del fragmento reproducido, una correspondencia procedente de Haití inserta en el *Journal du Havre* desmiente la versión de un bando atribuido al emperador Soulouque, persistiendo la nación dominicana en firme apresto para rechazar cualquier intento de invasión, al tiempo que el país goza de sosiego y se prepara para los comicios presidenciales del 1 de enero. El suelto apunta que el triunfo insurreccional del general Geffrard podría abrir una nueva etapa en las guerras de la isla, consignando cifras demográficas y geográficas de la partición territorial entre Haití y la República Dominicana. Describe finalmente la capital insular, su fuerza militar, el clima y los suelos, haciendo notar que la fecundidad de la tierra había decaído bajo gobiernos viciados.
SummaryResumen
According to *The Liberator*, an insurrection is underway in Hayti, with General Goffard—who entered the city with four men—gaining support across Aux Cayes, Jacmel, and the South, while St. Marks was seen in flames following likely divisions among its inhabitants. Quoting the *New York Herald*, the newspaper reports that the island spans 29,000 square miles, divided between the empire of Hayti (population 650,000; army of 20,000; plus a navy of four small vessels and one steamer) and the Dominican republic (population 150,000, with an army of 12,000), noting that the island's productiveness has declined under corrupt rule despite its rich soil and delightful climate.
Según *The Liberator*, una insurrección está en marcha en Haití, en la que el general Goffard —quien entró a la ciudad con cuatro hombres— va ganando apoyo en Aux Cayes, Jacmel y el Sur, mientras que Saint-Marc se vio en llamas tras probables divisiones entre sus habitantes. Citando a *The New York Herald*, el periódico informa que la isla abarca 29.000 millas cuadradas, divididas entre el imperio de Haití (población de 650.000 habitantes; ejército de 20.000 soldados; además de una armada de cuatro embarcaciones pequeñas y un vapor) y la República Dominicana (población de 150.000 habitantes, con un ejército de 12.000 hombres), señalando que la productividad de la isla ha disminuido bajo un gobierno corrupto a pesar de su suelo fértil y su clima agradable.
SummaryResumen
Based on the provided newspaper excerpt, the correspondent in Puerto Plata reports that the Dominican government is in a bankrupt state amidst rumors of another revolution, which has led President Santana to expel four or five involved parties. A Danish war steamer, the *Heimdal*, is stationed at St. Domingo city to settle a claim against the government regarding the capture of the *J. A. Baez*, prompting officials to propose leaving the question to a foreign nation for settlement. Additionally, the Haytians have sent a commission to propose a five-year treaty and settle previous hostilities, which public opinion expects the Dominicans to accept.
A partir del extracto periodístico facilitado, el corresponsal en Puerto Plata informa que el gobierno dominicano se encuentra en estado de bancarrota en medio de rumores de otra revolución, lo que ha llevado al presidente Santana a expulsar a cuatro o cinco partes implicadas. Un vapor de guerra danés, el *Heimdal*, se encuentra apostado en la ciudad de Santo Domingo para resolver una reclamación contra el gobierno referente a la captura del *J. A. Baez*, lo que llevó a los funcionarios a proponer someter el asunto al arbitraje de una nación extranjera. Además, los haitianos han enviado una comisión para proponer un tratado de cinco años y poner fin a las hostilidades anteriores, el cual la opinión pública espera que los dominicanos acepten.
SummaryResumen
The *New York Herald* reported on terms of a Dominican government concession requiring explorers to pay a ten percent duty on guano, a negotiated forest rent tax, and to construct a direct road from Santiago to Puerto Plata modeled after French imperial roads. Additionally, the concessionaires were required to advance one million francs to the Dominican government within four months, payable in Paris, and to begin operations within three years or the concessions would become void.
El *New York Herald* informó sobre los términos de una concesión del gobierno dominicano que exigía a los exploradores pagar un impuesto del diez por ciento sobre el guano, una tasa negociada por arrendamiento forestal y construir un camino directo de Santiago a Puerto Plata a imagen de las carreteras imperiales francesas. Además, se exigía a los concesionarios adelantar un millón de francos al gobierno dominicano en un plazo de cuatro meses, pagaderos en París, y comenzar las operaciones en un plazo de tres años, bajo pena de anulación de las concesiones.
AT GONAIVES. My last letter, I believe, descriptive of the country, left me, knapsack on back, tired and indisposed to walk, at a distance of several leagues from this ancient town. The hour was sunset—a season here of truly celestial splen…
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that claims by American citizens were awaiting settlement as the Dominican administration awaited improved financial conditions following the maladministration of Baez. It also noted that President Santana had returned from Leybo on the 12th ult. in renewed health, heavy rains had damaged corn and rice crops, and Vice President General Abel Alfau had arrived from Azua on the 16th inst. after quelling a pro-Haiti revolution.
El periódico informó que las reclamaciones de ciudadanos estadounidenses estaban pendientes de liquidación mientras la administración dominicana aguardaba a que mejoraran las condiciones financieras tras la mala administración de Báez. También señaló que el presidente Santana había regresado de El Seibo el 12 del mes pasado con la salud restablecida, que las intensas lluvias habían dañado las cosechas de maíz y arroz, y que el vicepresidente, general Abel Alfau, había llegado de Azua el 16 del mes corriente tras sofocar una revolución prohaitiana.
SummaryResumen
The newspaper reported that President Santana remained at his country seat in Leybo while General Alfau administered the government, and noted the appointment of Don Pedro Ricart y Torres as Minister of Hacienda and Commerce. It also recorded the shipwreck of the French brig *Duchess Anne* near the east end of Saona due to incorrect charts, and mentioned that the government made propositions to Col. Fabens to bring out a thousand emigrant families.
El periódico informó que el presidente Santana permanecía en su finca campestre de El Seibo mientras el general Alfau administraba el gobierno, y destacó el nombramiento de don Pedro Ricart y Torres como ministro de Hacienda y Comercio. También consignó el naufragio del bergantín francés *Duchess Anne* cerca del extremo oriental de la Saona a causa de cartas náuticas inexactas, y mencionó que el gobierno hizo proposiciones al coronel Fabens para trasladar al país a mil familias de emigrantes.
SummaryResumen
The *New York Herald* reported from San Domingo on February 22, 1860, that the city was celebrating George Washington's birthday, with the American flag displayed alongside the Dominican white cross on government and private balconies, including those of Minister of the Interior Don Domingo de la Rocha and Senate President Don Manuel Delmonte. The correspondent noted a favorable change toward Americans compared to past mistreatment by Haytians who wanted to drive whites from the island, alongside prospects for closer commercial relations and an increase in American vessels.
El *New York Herald* informó desde Santo Domingo el 22 de febrero de 1860 que la ciudad celebraba el natalicio de George Washington, exhibiéndose la bandera estadounidense junto a la cruz blanca dominicana en balcones gubernamentales y privados, incluidos los del ministro del Interior, don Domingo de la Rocha, y del presidente del Senado, don Manuel Delmonte. El corresponsal señaló un cambio favorable hacia los estadounidenses en comparación con los maltratos pasados de los haitianos que pretendían expulsar a los blancos de la isla, junto con perspectivas de relaciones comerciales más estrechas y un aumento de buques estadounidenses.
SummaryResumen
The April 12, 1860, *New York Herald* reported that foreign governments—specifically France, England, and Spain—disapproved of the growing American presence and influence in the Dominican Republic. Despite this opposition, the newspaper stated that the Dominican government welcomes white men of character and enterprise and will not back down from its policies favoring American settlement. Additionally, the excerpt noted that a proposed treaty from Hayti was respectfully declined, as the Dominicans prefer American immigration.
La edición del 12 de abril de 1860 de *The New York Herald* informó que gobiernos extranjeros —en concreto Francia, Inglaterra y España— desaprobaban la creciente presencia e influencia estadounidense en la República Dominicana. A pesar de dicha oposición, el periódico señaló que el gobierno dominicano acogía a hombres blancos de carácter e iniciativa y no retrocedería en sus políticas favorables al establecimiento estadounidense. Además, el extracto apuntó que se rechazó respetuosamente una propuesta de tratado proveniente de Haití, puesto que los dominicanos preferían la inmigración estadounidense.
SummaryResumen
The *Holmes County Republican* reported on May 31, 1860, that a coalition of French, Spanish, and English diplomats was conspiring to force the Dominican Republic to unite with Haiti. According to the article, England sought to prevent white emigration to stop American progress, Spain desired to keep Americans away from Cuba, and France aimed to extend its 100-million-franc mortgage over the entire island to eventually colonize it using coolie labor.
El *Holmes County Republican* informó el 31 de mayo de 1860 que una coalición de diplomáticos franceses, españoles e ingleses conspiraba para obligar a la República Dominicana a unirse con Haití. De acuerdo con el artículo, Inglaterra buscaba impedir la emigración de personas blancas para frenar el avance estadounidense, España deseaba mantener a los estadounidenses alejados de Cuba y Francia pretendía extender su hipoteca de 100 millones de francos a toda la isla para colonizarla finalmente mediante mano de obra culí.
SummaryResumen
Based on the provided excerpt, files of St. Domingo papers received in Havana up to May 17 report that the country is visibly recovering from past upheavals and that the government is engaged in administrative and economic reforms. Additionally, the Senate, at the Executive's instance, resolved to issue a decree offering immunities and privileges to the flags of all commercial and friendly nations to attract vessels, increase revenue, and develop national prosperity.
A partir del extracto proporcionado, colecciones de periódicos de Santo Domingo recibidas en La Habana hasta el 17 de mayo informan que el país se recupera visiblemente de las convulsiones pasadas y que el gobierno está abocado a reformas administrativas y económicas. Además, a instancias del Ejecutivo, el Senado resolvió promulgar un decreto que ofrecía inmunidades y privilegios a los pabellones de todas las naciones comerciales y amigas a fin de atraer buques, aumentar los ingresos fiscales y fomentar la prosperidad nacional.
SummaryResumen
The Dominican Senate requested the President to demand explanations and immediate reparation from Venezuela regarding the shooting of several Dominicans, warning that recourse would otherwise be taken. The President replied that no expostulations or reprisals were warranted because the individuals had abandoned their nationality and entered the enemy's ranks, noting further that letters from Venezuela asserted those men had actually been killed in battle rather than executed. Additionally, the press advocated for establishing a bank to suppress paper money, and the value of the gold ounce was fixed at 4,000 national dollars.
El Senado dominicano solicitó al presidente que exigiera explicaciones y reparación inmediata a Venezuela con respecto al fusilamiento de varios dominicanos, advirtiendo que de lo contrario se recurriría a otras medidas. El presidente respondió que no se justificaban protestas ni represalias dado que tales individuos habían renunciado a su nacionalidad y se habían sumado a las filas enemigas, señalando además que cartas procedentes de Venezuela aseguraban que esos hombres en realidad habían muerto en combate y no fusilados. Por otra parte, la prensa abogó por la fundación de un banco para retirar el papel moneda, y el valor de la onza de oro se fijó en 4.000 pesos nacionales.
SummaryResumen
The *New-York daily tribune* reported that following the hoisting of the Spanish flag on the 16th—which caused consternation among local inhabitants—the fully armed Spanish frigate *Blanca* was dispatched from Havana on the 22nd with regular troops to assist the Spanish protectorate or annexation. Additional naval and military forces, along with approximately 5,000 regular troops on the *Petronila* and *Derenguela* and about 10,000 more from Spain, were reported to be following. Meanwhile, business on the island remained depressed, and passengers traveling on the *Quaker City* included ex-President Miramon of Mexico and Major Patterson, a bearer of dispatches from St. Domingo to Spain.
El *New-York daily tribune* informó que, tras el izamiento de la bandera española el día 16 —lo que causó consternación entre los habitantes locales—, la fragata española totalmente artillada *Blanca* fue despachada desde La Habana el día 22 con tropas regulares para apoyar el protectorado o anexión española. Se reportó que fuerzas navales y militares adicionales, junto con aproximadamente 5.000 soldados regulares a bordo de la *Petronila* y la *Derenguela* y unos 10.000 más procedentes de España, les seguirían en breve. Entretanto, el comercio en la isla continuaba deprimido, y entre los pasajeros que viajaban en el *Quaker City* figuraban el expresidente Miramón de México y el mayor Patterson, portador de pliegos oficiales desde Santo Domingo hacia España.
SummaryResumen
The *New York Herald* reported on March 30, 1861, that the Spanish steam frigate *Blanca* departed Havana for St. Domingo carrying troops, sailors, and marines to enforce Spanish policy and overcome any opposition from the government or people of the Dominican Republic. It further noted that the Spanish steam frigates *Barenguela* and *Petronila* were also scheduled to leave for the same destination with war fittings, munitions, and army troops to compel respect for Spanish power and dictation.
*The New York Herald* informó el 30 de marzo de 1861 que la fragata de vapor española *Blanca* zarpó de La Habana rumbo a Santo Domingo con tropas, marineros e infantes de marina para imponer la política española y doblegar cualquier resistencia del gobierno o del pueblo de la República Dominicana. Señaló además que las fragatas de vapor españolas *Barenguela* y *Petronila* también tenían previsto partir hacia el mismo destino con pertrechos de guerra, municiones y tropas del ejército para obligar al acatamiento del poder y los dictados españoles.