THE UNITED STATES AND ST. DOMINGO.—MR. CAZNEAU AND THE TREATY—FRENCH INTERFERENCE—NEW SCHEME OF COLONIZATION—ALLIANCE BETWEEN NAPOLEON AND SOULOUQUE, &c., &c.

[From the National Democrate.]

Great events are about to come forth in this island in behalf of the children of Africa, and may God turn the result of the events alluded to in the United States to befriend our cause.

Louis Napoleon, the Emperor of France, of he highest rank among the sovereigns of the world, will not leave the whole island of Hayti under the just and vigorous sceptre of Faustin the First.

The Dominicans pretend to be a white population, and although there may be some who can show a clear skin, look at the characters, and try to find out their progenitors. If a man is so white that no one can perceive that he has African blood in his veins, then he may pass; but not else.

The Dominicans have, they say, made propositions to the French and English nations, and for the sale of St. Domingo to France, and Samana to England; but they cannot touch them; but these great European powers will never allow a single square inch of Hayti to be given up to the United States.

These powers have given full authority to their agent in St. Domingo to arrange for the return of the Dominican Republic—to the dominion of the empire. They will be allowed to retain the houses they really live in, but all the rest of the property will be restored to its original owners. The unoccupied land will be taken by the Dominican government, to be given to those who, for the offered terms, which our Emperor intends to make, shall come from France to populate the country.

This warm climate suits the African race, and there are no people under the sun so much indebted to us as those who have no house or home. To these the Emperor Faustin will give lands, and the great influence of their friends in the United States will help them to a noble existence.

It is said that the French Emperor will remit one million of francs from the French indemnity, which is to be employed in assisting ten thousand men of color to come to us from France. They will, by their intelligence, maintain the peace of the Haytian Empire, which is finally the only source of security to France for her indemnity, and that of Hayti itself.

There are at least fifty thousand small farms at St. Domingo, which could be divided among ten thousand families of color; but the Dominicans are not disposed to give them up. All will be offered to settlers of African blood from the United States, who wish to come to Hayti.

Our brethren in the United States may be certain of success. There is so much land in Hayti that thousands of smart settlers could come out to us from America, and clear up the country, and make it flourish.

Mr. Bigelow's letters about our Emperor are terribly exaggerated. He came here with his head full of ridiculous notions, directly from the United States, to write a book for the Emperor Faustin, and here his letters are coming out, of which he ought to be ashamed; for he has written what he can hardly read, and must have lately improved in his intellect if he can write so well. Mr. Bigelow should not set him up for the lawful lord of the whole island, when we are under the French rule. Faustin has the weakness of his race for fine clothes, and should not carry it to excess, though—which is the dominant language here—than is taught him by rote for scholastic occasions.

If this is the way our friends talk of us in France, we are not surprised that our enemies in America should speak ill of us; but as for Faustin, we can only say, if he does not know how to govern this island, we at least do not keep Bigelow's faith with us, it will all be ours again.

QUAROU.

THE FRENCH ACCOUNT.

We are in the reception of details of the famous mission of Mr. Cazneau at Santo Domingo, and of the negotiations carried on by this diplomatic pair, and of the present state of the Haytian question, which we hope will have the double merit of edifying and of interesting our readers. The correspondent to whom we are indebted for them might have added many others even more piquant. "A great deal might have been said," he writes us, "about Mr. Cazneau personally, the position which he has assumed since his arrival, and especially that of his eccentric half; their establishment in a sort of negro hut, covered with thatch, and other means of seeking popularity, not less singular, contrived by her; but I have endeavored to abstain from everything of a personal nature."

We therefore give the history of this conjugal mission, stripped of all accessories:—

Port au Prince, Domingo, Dec. 1, 1854.

The treaty concluded between the United States and the Dominican Republic, signed on the 7th of August, was printed and laid before the public on the 1st of November. It created here the greatest emotion. It was generally believed that Mr. Cazneau had failed in his mission as to Samana, threatened to return to Washington, and that Mr. Cazneau had taken his threat, he became resigned, and for the present, at least, gave up the Samana project, provided that he obtained a ceded tract. This article would have secured to the United States, under the name of a public naval depot, a tract of land on the Bay of Samana, for the purpose of a naval station, and given the United States jurisdiction over American citizens who should settle upon this tract.

This article of the treaty, which has been for so long a time so frequently mentioned by the attraction of the public, which Mr. Cazneau has so long tried to conceal, and which has spent all Mr. Cazneau's journey across a country not less famous for its iron than its copper, was the only point between this point and New York, the only one put forward to excite the vanity of the Americans, to awaken the attention of the English and French governments, and to make the latter believe that if the treaty was ratified, the independence of Santo Domingo from Hayti, Samana, as its position, threatens not only Hayti, but Cuba and the Spanish islands.

The Cazneau treaty, as signed, stipulates that the powers who shall have signed it within eighteen months, come immediately to secure that of his government, the second for six months, and the third for an indefinite period of delay. But Mr. Cazneau, who lacks a little of that energy of which he speaks, was afraid to send the treaty, such as it was signed, with the French modification to the United States Congress, for fear that it would be rejected, and he chose rather to consider the French text as having been accepted, as last, for the sake of getting his treaty passed. The treaty was signed on the 11th of November; but as it was first agreed upon, before the French modification was added, it aroused the fears of the English and French consuls of Santo Domingo, who dispatched a vessel of war to Port au Prince, and sent the English minister of the foreign affairs belonging to the French naval station of the Antilles, M. Raybaud. He arrived on the 15th at Santo Domingo, on board of a French brig of war, called the Le Yeketallow, and by his parasite, Angulo Guridi, a native of Santo Domingo, presented to the Dominican government the form of a protest, to the French and English consuls, against the treaty signed between the Dominican government and Mr. Cazneau, and threatening them with the arrival of the whole force of the French and English naval forces. To this message, marked by a humor quite in character with M. Raybaud, the Dominican ministers as brief as they were determined.

This energetic language was little favorable to the plans of M. Raybaud, and he was obliged to have recourse to intimidation to the people who were convinced that the treaty was signed, and he excited a strong movement of party on the soil of the offer, provided they submitted to Hayti. The French consul had even offered to pay the Dominicans, because of the color of nineteen-twentieths of the population, a sum of money which could scarcely be honorable to the country without real advantage, and they had declared that they would never unite with the United States because of their local laws and of their institution of slavery. He urged that if the treaty was signed, the white portion of the population exposed, whatever be their fortune and personal merit, to be expelled from the island. The threat of a treaty to the Dominican Congress cooled of wonderfully, and they refused to give their sanction to the modification in the hope of seeing this counter-movement subside. In this state of things, M. Raybaud, seeing the success which he desired, he sailed on the 23d of November a second time for Port au Prince, to get a temporary postponement. The government answered four days after, by a refusal to give a delay, saying that they would wait for no further negotiations, but that as soon as Mr. Cazneau should withdraw the treaty, it it was not ratified, they would invade Santo Domingo. They forbade this presentation at that time. Mr. Cazneau sent a copy of his treaty to Washington, but he has, as a man of color, as are also three out of his four ministers, signed the treaty, and if it is not ratified in eighteen months he would break off all correspondence. He has sent by a vessel belonging to his government, the steamer Metropolis, to his government for instructions. This is where matters stand now. St. Domingo has, and has completely, escaped from the clutches of the French consul; but more particularly of M. Maxime Raybaud, who has for four years used all his influence, that it should be attached to St. Domingo, on his way to Paris, where he was sent by Faustin; and from where M. Raybaud crossed to St. Domingo, with the idea of making it a Haytian province, or at least that he might quietly in the way of a truce, for a long period, between the two countries, which would finally result in a total submission. The establishment of a French naval station at Samana, at which the Haytian government would seem to be with and good cause, singularly alarmed.

The French consul, however, was mistaken as to the devotion of the Dominican Congress, which will give its sanction to the treaty, and Mr. Cazneau will sign within two days the between the readinigs. It is generally supposed that Mr. Cazneau will stay long enough to be able to dispose of such persuasive means, if necessary, as to make the Dominican Congress accede to his details; still it is impossible to discover any advantage to this position, except for the greater or less success of certain parties.